Functional Wellness: PCOS

The first Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) conference was held in 1990 and discussed what PCOS is and how they were diagnosing and treating patients. They looked at oligo-anovulation, no ovulation, and too many androgens. Now, we use the Rotterdam criteria. This criterion groups together anovulation abnormal ovulation, clinical hirsutism acne (signs of hyperandrogens), and an ultrasound to view the presence of 12 or more follicles and determines that if you have two out of those three then you are diagnosed with PCOS. 

PCOS Diagnosis 

When women get diagnosed they tend to have a mix of emotions. Often times they are relieved because they know what has been occurring but later they are unsure of how to proceed with their life. The biggest emotional factor when it comes to a PCOS diagnosis is fertility and the struggle it may be in the long run. 

Pathway of Development

There are multiple pathways that can cause PCOS to develop. Ultimately, these pathways are categorized into 4 groups: Lifestyle induced PCOS, Poor Fat Digestion/Sugar Burner, Inflammatory Diet/Poor Food Choices, and Genetic Predisposition. Taking a look at each one we better understand what pathway our patients follow and how to approach the symptoms and diagnosis in a functional manner. 

Lifestyle Induced PCOS

A major player in lifestyle-induced PCOS has to do with the Central Nervous System and an individual’s light/dark clock. As a population, we are used to a 24-7 lifestyle of constant “go”. However, if we are not getting the sunshine we need when we first wake up to stimulate our bodies into realizing its daytime and the peaceful rest we need at night to let it know it is time to heal, the circadian rhythm gets thrown off. The sun comes into the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and triggers the brain that it is daytime and time to burn energy. If you do not let your body know it is daytime then the signal does not know to store fat or burn fat, resulting in lectin production. From there, the system begins to get dysregulated. For more information on night/shift work and its impact please read the article below:

“Night Shift Work Linked To A Higher Risk Of Miscarriage” 

Poor Fat Digestion/ Sugar Burner

When the lifestyle of an individual is disrupted, what we see is leaky gut. When the gut is not properly functioning we are not able to properly break down fat molecules resulting in a decrease in pancreatic elastase. Pancreatic elastase is what helps us burn fat. Next, the patient begins to create ATP (energy needed for the body to sustain its functions) out of glucose which is extremely inefficient. Patients begin to see a circle of needing to eat carbs to make glucose to make ATP for the ATP to be used up quickly and then needing to eat more carbs and so on. With this increase in carbohydrate intake and lack of energy, weight and glucose problems arise. Lastly, with dysregulation such as this, the variety of bacteria in our gut becomes reduced. This may sound like a good thing but a diverse microbiome is shown to have less inflammation and a reduced rate of disease. Without a variety of bacteria, the movement of nutrients and break down is impacted. We use the GI Effects test from Genova to properly address our patient’s inflammation, maldigestion, dysbiosis level, and bacteria variation. A sample of this test is shown below: 

Inflammatory Diet / Poor Food Choices

Inflammation is a huge issue in relation to many chronic health conditions. Inflammation is a driving force in poor gut health and increased gut dysregulation. One large factor contributing to PCOS symptoms is what you eat. Our ancestors ate around 600 different foods whereas now the average human eats a very small variety, consisting of 20 foods. Gluten is often a large trigger to PCOS and inflammation as it is a non-soluble peptide. Gluten is extremely hard to digest and is hard on the gut microbiome. Prebiotics and probiotics are an excellent place to start. Kombucha is a highly effective prebiotic and when taken with a probiotic can help to increase the gut microbiome balance. 

Genetic Predisposition

In specific genes, there can be SNPs (polymorphisms) and these can lead the body to have a drop in sex hormone-binding globulins which trigger luteinizing hormones in the CNS, resulting in no ovulation. Those who have SNPs are susceptible to more inflammation, environmental food triggers, autoimmune diseases, and infertility. The micronutrient test by SpectraCell provides us with insight on the methylation cycles. A sample of the test is shown below: 

Additionally, for more information regarding genetic predisposition, please review the article below:

“Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insight into the Therapeutic Approach with Inositols”

Take-Aways

Balancing energy in the body is a fantastic place to start. This will help the body’s inflammation to become reduced overall. Secondly, reduce foods that are causing inflammatory markers. Third, assess the genetics and micronutrient variability. Last but not least, take care of the microbiome! Everything stems from the gut.

If you are having symptoms or feel as though you could have an imbalance, take the metabolic assessment below: 

It is amazing when we start to truly see how many things around us cause inflammation resulting in chronic health conditions. The gut is a large factor when considering how inflammatory responses are being sent throughout the body. If you are already taking a probiotic, you can use kombucha as a prebiotic! However, be smart and safe. To start, you can mix a little kombucha with ¾ of the rest being water. This will also decrease the sugar intake. -Kenna Vaughn, Senior Health Coach 

References: 

Ginsberg, Dian. “5234: Functional Healing for PCOS.” Functional Medicine University. 2020, www. Functionalmedicineuniversity. com/members/1625.cfm.

Sortino MA, Salomone S, Carruba MO and Drago F (2017) Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insights into the Therapeutic Approach with Inositols. Front. Pharmacol. 8:341. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00341

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